Photography Basics

https://www.clickandlearnphotography.com/latest/the-exposure-triangle-explained-shutter-speed-aperture-and-iso/

The basics of photography can be broken down into five different things: aperture width, shutter speed, ISO, depth of field and dynamic range. The width of the aperture is directly related to depth of field when capturing an image. Setting the aperture to a lower number like f/2 will create a shallow depth of field while setting it to f/16 would create a much larger depth of field where more areas of the photo will be in clear detail. Shutter speed gives the photographer control over whether they want to freeze time or capture motion for stylistic effect. A faster shutter speed will be able to capture a small moment in time much clearer due to there being less opportunity for your subject to move before the shutter opens and closes. A slower shutter speed allows the sensor to capture motion which will cause blur if there is a lot of movement. A slow shutter speed will also allow more light to reach the sensor which could help with achieving better exposure in low-light settings. ISO is essentially the sensor’s sensitivity to the light that is travelling in. This means that the higher the ISO is set to, the more exposed an image will be. Finally, dynamic range is the variety of shadows and highlights within a single image. A high dynamic range would mean that there are very bright highlights and very dark shadows, while a low dynamic range would show little disparities in shadows and highlights. Links to more in-depth explanations of these concepts can be found below.

Aperture: https://photographylife.com/what-is-aperture-in-photography

Shutter Speed: https://www.creativelive.com/photography-guides/what-is-shutter-speed

ISO: https://photographylife.com/what-is-iso-in-photography

Depth of Field: https://photographylife.com/what-is-depth-of-field

Dynamic Range: https://www.adorama.com/alc/8256/article/dynamic-range-photography-explained

This displays a larger depth of field due to a narrow aperture setting.

Inversely, this image has a shallower depth of field from a wider aperture.

This image was taken with a fast shutter speed so that the flowing river could be frozen in time.

This picture was taken with an ISO of 800 in a low-light setting which is why there is still some texture in the scenery. The photo could have benefited from some external light or higher ISO.

This is a photo with a high dynamic range, the shadows are in focus and well exposed but the lighter areas are too blown out due to trying to expose the shadows well.